TL;DR — Rondedzero Yekuongorora Mapepa Ekuchengetedza Magetsi Pakutarisisa
Magwaro mana aya anozodiwa netsika dzeGerman kuti pave nezvinhu zvinodziisa muovheni yetoaster:(1) Chiziviso cheEU cheKutevedzera Chibvumirano chinoshanda chinotarisa EN IEC 60335-2-9:2023 uye LVD 2014/35/EU, chakasainwa nemumiriri wemugadziri ane mvumo; (2) faira rehunyanzvi reCE rine mishumo yekuyedza simba re dielectric inoratidza ≥2,000V/min inodzivirira voltage uye insulation resistance ≥200MΩ; (3) Mishumo yekuyedza kutevedzera RoHS 3 inosanganisira zvinhu gumi zvakarambidzwa padanho rezvinhu zvakafanana —nekuti vakuru veGerman vanoongorora musika vakaita ongororo dzezvigadzirwa dzinopfuura 12,000 muna 2024 chete, nehuwandu hwekusatevedzera mitemo yemidziyo yemagetsi hunodarika 18%.(4) chitupa cheGS mark kubva kusangano rekuyedza rine mvumo yeDGUV rakaita seTÜV Rheinland kana VDE kana uchida kuti zvinhu zvako zvekudziya zvikwikwidzane nevatengesi vemuGerman vane chiratidzo ichi chekuzvipira.
Ndakatumira makontena makumi mana nemanomwe emidziyo yekudziisa yakagadzirwa nemaoko kumakambani ekugadzira makicheni ekuEurope mumakore masere apfuura., uye ndinogona kukuudza kubva pane zvakaitika kwandiri: kurambwa kunowanzoitika pazviteshi zveGerman hakusi bvunzo ye dielectric yakakundikana - magwaro asina kukwana kana kuti akarongwa zvisina kunaka anotyora cheni ye "fungidziro ye conformity" yeEU. Chinhu chinodziya chinopasa bvunzo yega yega yemagetsi. Mapepa anokundikana. Chirongo chinogara kuHamburg kwemavhiki matatu chichiunganidza mari ye demurrage. Chinyorwa chino chinokuratidzai chekutarisa magwaro chaiwo andinoshandisa nezvigadzirwa zvedunguva imwe neimwe mutengesi wekicheni wekuGermany anoisa odha itsva.
Nei Vatengesi veKicheni Yekutengesa yeGerman Vachida Nzira Yakananga Yekunyora Zvinhu Zvekudziyisa
Midziyo yekicheni yekutengeserana yeGermany inoshanda pasi pehurongwa hwemitemo hwakasiyana hunopfuura zvinodiwa zveEU - uye ndinotaura izvi semunhu anga achifamba nehurongwa uhwu kwemakore anopfuura gumi.Kunyange zvazvo CE marking pasi peLow Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU ichikupa tikiti rekupinda mumusika weEurope, vatengi vekuGermany - kunyanya avo vanoshandira chikamu cheHORECA (Hotel/Restaurant/Café) - vanogara vachida mamwe magwaro anoratidza tsika yenyika yeGermany yekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa. Ndakagara mumisangano yekutenga muStuttgart uko hurukuro yakachinja kubva pakugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa kuenda pakugadzirwa kwemagwaro mukati memaminitsi gumi ekutanga, uye ndinogona kukuudza: muGermany, magwaro ekutevedzera mitemo haasi chinhu chakaitwa mushure mezvo - chigadzirwa ndicho chinhu chakagadzirwa.
Ndakazvidzidza izvi muna 2019 apo mugovanisi wemidziyo yeresitorendi iri muHamburg akaramba kutumira zvinhu zvedu zvekupisa zveovheni zvine chimiro cheU - kwete nekuti vakakundikana bvunzo, asi nekuti vakakundikana.nekuti Chiziviso Chekutevedzera Mutemo chakataura nezve EN 60335-2-9:2010 pachinzvimbo chechinyorwa chemazuva ano, uye kukosha kwekudzivirira kuputira kwakataurwa pa500V DC apo protocol yekuyedza yeDGUV yemutengi yaida mamiriro ekuyera e1,000V DC.Zvinhu zvinodziya zvaive zvakafanana nemagetsi. Mapepa acho akanga asina kufanana. Icho chaive chidzidzo che€4,700 chekunyora zvinyorwa zveGerman nemazvo.
Musika weGermany unowedzera zvikamu zvitatu pamusoro pekutevedzera mitemo yeEU: Mutemo weKuchengetedzwa kweChigadzirwa (Product Safety Act)Zvigadzirwa zveProduktsicherheitsgesetzkana ProdSG), iyo kubva munaBvunzo reDGUVzvinodiwa zvinorayira kuti chigadzirwa chega chega chemutengi chive neruzivo rwemugadziri uye ruzivo rwekuonana; chiratidzo cheGS (Geprüfte Sicherheit), chitupa chekuzvidira asi chinosarudzwa mukutengeserana chinoda kuti kambani yechitatu iongororwe nekambani ine mvumo yeDGUV; uye zvinodiwa neinishuwarenzi yemushandi wekicheni yekutengeserana, izvo zvinowanzo taura kuti zvikamu zvekudziya zvinofanirwa kunge zvine chitupa cheVDE kana TÜV sechibvumirano chekuvharwa kwemhosva.Nekuti mapolisi einishuwarenzi yemhosva yekuGermany yemakicheni ekutengeserana anowanzo da kuti zvikamu zvese zvemagetsi zvive nechiratidzo cheGS kubva kusangano rinozivikanwa rekuyedza, kusaita chitupa ichi chekuzvidira zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvako zvekudziya hazvigone kuiswa mumakicheni ekutengeserana ane inishuwarenzi.
Chirevo cheEU Low Voltage (2014/35/EU): Gwaro Renyu Renheyo
LVD haisi yekusarudza — ndiyo inodiwa pamutemo yekubatanidza chiratidzo cheCE kune chero chinhu chinodziya chinoshanda pakati pe50V ne1,000V AC, uye ndinoona iri segwaro rekutevedzera mitemo risinganzwisiswe zvakanaka pakati pevagadziri vezvinhu zvinodziya vekuChina.Pazvinhu zvinodziya muovheni yetoaster, izvo zvinowanzo shanda pa220-240V muEurope, LVD inoshanda zvachose uye pasina miganhu. Ini pachangu ndakagadzirisa mafaira ehunyanzvi eLVD kubva kumafekitori mana akasiyana ekuChina aifunga zvisiri izvo kuti CE mark yavo yaivhara kutevedzera LVD asi yaivhara EMC chete - kusanzwisisana kwandakaona kuchidhura vanotenga kunze €12,000 kana kupfuura mukugadzirisa.
Zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza zvakakosha zvinotsanangurwa muAnnex I yeMurairo 2014/35/EUuye inosanganisira nzvimbo nhatu: dziviriro yemagetsi (Chikamu 2), dziviriro yengozi yekupisa (Chikamu 3), uye dziviriro yesimba rekunze (Chikamu 4).Munguva yekutarisa musika weGermany, chinodiwa chinonyanya kuongororwa iClause 2(b): dziviriro yakakwana kubva mukukuvadzwa kubva pakubata magetsi zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga.
Ndinogara ndichikumbira vatengi vekuGerman kuti vaongorore zvinhu zvitatu zviri mumagwaro ekutevedzera mitemo yeLVD: (1) faira rehunyanzvi rinofanira kuratidza shanduro chaiyo — “EN IEC 60335-2-9:2023,” kwete chete “EN 60335-2-9″ — nekutiMabhuku akajairwa etsika dzechiGerman anopesana neEU Official Journal of harmonised standards(2) Chiziviso Chekutevedzera Mutemo chinofanira kusainwa nemumiriri weEU ane zita rake ane kero chaiyo, kwete chete yakanyorwa nefekitori; (3) magwaro ehunyanzvi anofanira kusanganisira chinhu chinodziyavoltage yakayerwa, simba rekupinda, uye kirasi yekudziviriranemamiriro ekuyera akanyorwa zvakajeka.
EN IEC 60335-2-9:2023 — Mutemo wekuchengetedza wakanangana neovheni yekugocha
Mutemo uyu wakabatana ndiwo gwaro rehunyanzvi rinonyanya kukosha rinodzora kuchengetedzeka kwechinhu chekupisa cheovheni yetoaster muEU, uye ndinochengeta kopi yakadhindwa ye2023 edition padhesiki rangu nekuti ndinoishandisa kanenge kaviri pasvondo. EN IEC 60335-2-9:2023inofukidza zvinodiwa zvemagrill, matoaster, nezvimwe zvakafanana zvekubika zvinotakurika, uye chinyorwa cha2023 chakaunza shanduko dzakawanda dzekuedza dzandaifanira kubatanidza mumaitiro edu ekuyedza kugadzirwa kwegore rapfuura.
Mutemo uyu unoda kuti magetsi aedzwe pa3,000V kuti pave nekusimbaradzwa kwekudzivirira kupisa uye unoti zvinhu zvisina chinhu zvinopisa zveovheni zvinofanira kungoiswa pamusoro penzvimbo inodziya chete.Kubva pamaonero angu ekutarisira chigadzirwa, zvinodiwa zvakanyanya mu EN IEC 60335-2-9:2023 zvechinhu chinodziya cheovheni yetoaster ndeizvi: Chikamu 13 — simba rekubuda kwemvura uye simba remagetsi pakupisa kwekushanda, izvo zvinoda kuti simba rekubuda kwemvura risapfuure 0.75mA yemidziyo yeClass I ine simba rinopinda rinodarika 0.75kW; Chikamu 16 — simba rekubuda kwemvura uye simba remagetsi mushure mekurapwa kwehunyoro (maawa makumi mana nemasere pa93% hunyoro hwehukama); uye Chikamu 19 — bvunzo dzekushanda dzisina kujairika, dzinosanganisira kukiya chinhu chinodziya munzvimbo ine simba kuti vaone kuti hapana murazvo, simbi yakanyungudutswa, kana gasi rine chepfu rinoburitswa.
Nekuti chinyorwa chegore ra2023 chakaunza miganhu mitsva yekuwedzera tembiricha kune nzvimbo dzekunze dzinosvikika - zvichireva kuti nzvimbo dziri mukati me25mm kubva munzvimbo dzinovhurika mhepo hadzifanirwe kudarika Tafura 102 pamwe ne40K - vatengesi vezvinhu zvinodziya vanofanirwa kupa data remifananidzo yekupisa inoratidza kupararira kwetembiricha yepamusoro pasi pemutoro wakanyanya kuyera.Ndakabatanidza chinodiwa ichi muchirongwa chedu chebvunzo chakajairwa paJingwei Heat: Batch yega yega yechinhu chinodziya ovheni ikozvino yatumirwa neEN IEC 60335-2-9:2023 compliance test matrix inovhara zvese gumi zvinosungirwa bvunzo. Kana TÜV auditor yemutengi wako wekuGerman ikakumbira gwaro rekuongorora hunyoro reClause 16, unoriburitsa mumasekonzi asingasviki makumi matanhatu.
Kunyora CE uye Chiziviso cheEU cheKutevedzera: Zvinofanira Kupihwa neMutengesi Wako wekuChina
Chiratidzo cheCE chiri pachinhu chinodziisa muchoto chetoaster chiziviso chepamutemo chemugadziri chekuti chigadzirwa ichi chinosangana nemirairo yese yeEU inoshanda, uye ndasaina Zviziviso zvekutevedzera mitemo zvakakwana kuti ndizive kuti shoko rega rega riri pagwaro iroro rine huremu hwepamutemo.Mirayiridzo inoshanda ndeye LVD 2014/35/EU, EMC Directive 2014/30/EU (yezvinhu zvinodziya zvine magetsi zvinodzora tembiricha), uye RoHS 3 Directive 2011/65/EU sezvakagadziriswa ne (EU) 2024/1416.
Ndakaona kuti vatengi vemakicheni ekutengeserana ekuGermany vanonyanya kuomerera pane vatengi vanobva kune dzimwe misika yeEU pavanoongorora magwaro eCE. Kunyange zvazvo mutengesi wekuFrance angagamuchira PDF yakaskenwa yeDoC,Vatengi vekuGermany vanowanzo kumbira: faira rakazara rekuvaka rine hunyanzvi rinosanganisira madhayagiramu edunhu uye gwaro rezvinhu zvine kuteverwa kwemutengesi; machati emafambiro ekugadzira anoratidza mageti ekudzora hunhu; uye mishumo yekuyedza yebato rechitatu kubva kurabhoritari inotenderwa neISO/IEC 17025 - nekuti mutemo wemhosva yezvigadzirwa zveGerman (Produkthaftungsgesetz) unoisa mutoro weuchapupu kune anopinza, kwete kumugadziri, kana dambudziko rezvigadzirwa richikonzera kukuvara.
Maererano neNhungamiro yeCETECOM pamusoro peLow Voltage Directive, mugadziri anofanirawo kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chacho chine mhando, batch, kana serial number inobvumira kuzivikanwa - chinhu chandakaona vatengesi vekuChina vachiregeredza kakawanda kupfuura zvandinogona kuverenga. Kune chinhu chinodziya, izvi zvinowanzoreva kunyora kodhi yebatch uye voltage/power rating zvakananga papini inotonhora kana flange yeterminal.Chinhu chinodziya chisina zviratidzo zvekuzivikanwa zvachose chicharambwa pamitero yeGerman pasinei nekuti mapepa acho akazara sei.
GS Mark (Geprüfte Sicherheit): Chiratidzo cheKuzvidira cheGermany asi Chekutengeserana
Chiratidzo cheGS ndechekuzvidira — asi kana tichitarisa kutenga makicheni ekutengeserana ekuGermany, zvinosungirwa, uye handingatumire chinhu chinodziisa kumutengi wekuGermany weHORECA asina.Kusiyana neCE mark, iyo inotsamira pakuzivisa kwemugadziri kuti zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa, GS mark inoda kuongororwa kwakazvimirira kwevanhu vechitatu uye kutariswa kuri kuitwa nefekitori nesangano reDGUV-accredited certification rakaita seTÜV Rheinland, TÜV SÜD, VDE, kana DEKRA. Ndakatungamira vatengi vatatu vekuGerman OEM kuburikidza neGS certification uye ndinogona kukuudzai: ongororo yefekitori ndiyo chikamu chakaomesesa, kwete kuyedzwa kwemhando.
PaGwaro reNemko rekupa chitupa cheGS, maitiro ekupa chitupa anosanganisira: kuyedzwa kwemhando yemuenzaniso unomiririra zvichienderana nemazinga eEN akabatana; kuongororwa kwekutanga kwefekitori kuti vaone hutungamiriri hwemhando yekugadzira; uye kuongororwa kwegore negore kwekutarisa kuti vasimbise kutevedzera mitemo.Kana paine chinhu chinodziisa ovheni yekubikisa, kuyedzwa kwechiratidzo cheGS kunopfuura EN IEC 60335-2-9 kuti kusanganisire kuyedzwa kwekutsungirira kwemuchina — kazhinji kacho 5,000 on/off thermal cycles pa120% yevoltage yakayerwa — izvo zvinotevedzera kushandiswa kwekicheni kwemakore matatu.
Ndakatungamira vatengi vatatu vekuGerman OEM kuburikidza nemaitiro ekupihwa chitupa cheGS mark nezvigadzirwa zvedu zvekupisa, uye nguva kubva pakunyorera kusvika pakupihwa chitupa inowanzova mavhiki 8-12. Pfungwa huru yandinogovana nemutengi wese mutsva: kutanga kushandisa chiratidzo cheGS usati watanga kugadzira, kwete mushure mezvo, nekuti mhando yemuenzaniso wekuyedza inofanira kutorwa kubva pakushandisa maturusi ekugadzira, kwete maturusi emuenzaniso.Chiratidzo cheGS chinoburitswa pamuenzaniso wemuenzaniso hachibvumirwi nemutemo pasi peProdSG, uye vakuru veGerman vanoongorora musika vanogona — uye vanoita — kubvisa zvitupa zveGS zvakawanikwa kuburikidza nekutorwa kwemasampuli asina kunaka.
Kutevedzera Zvinhu: REACH, RoHS, uye Kubata Chikafu Nezvinhu
Zvinhu zvinodziisa mumaovheni ekubikisa toaster zvinotarisana kwete nemitemo yekuchengetedza magetsi chete asiwo zvirambidzo zvemakemikari zvinokanganisa zvakananga kusarudzwa kwezvinhu - uye ndapedza maawa akawanda ndichitsvaga magwaro ekutevedzera RoHS kubva kune vatengesi vedu vezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nekuti ndipo panonyanya kusimba cheni yekutevedzera mitemo.RoHS 3 Directive inorambidza zvinhu gumi — kusanganisira lead (≤0.1% kana 1,000 ppm padanho rezvinhu zvakafanana), mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, PBBs, PBDEs, uye mana phthalates (DEHP, BBP, DBP, DIBP) — uye kubva muna 2026, mamwe ma lead ekusashanda akakosha pakugadzira zvinhu zvinopisa ave kusvika pakupera. Ndatotanga kuchinja maitiro edu ekubikisa kune dzimwe nzira dzisina lead nekuti handidi kuti vatengi vangu vabatwe vakashamisika kana emission 6c yapera muna 2027.
Kune vagadziri vezvinhu zvinopisa, RoHS inonyanya kufungwa nezvayo ndeye lead iri mu nickel-chromium resistance wire alloy uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakubatanidza terminal. Standard Ni80Cr20 resistance wire inogona kuva ne trace lead semubatsiri wekugadzirisa, uyenekuti kumanikidzwa kweRoHS neGerman padanho rezvinhu zvakafanana kwakaoma kupfuura avhareji yeEU - nedzimwe nyika dzeGermany dzichiongorora XRF panguva yekupinza zvinhu - ndinoda kuti vatengesi vedu vese vezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa vape mishumo yekuyedzwa kwerabhoritari yakatenderwa neISO 17025 yezvinhu zvese gumi zveRoHS 3 tisati tagamuchira chero batch yewaya yekudzivirira kana sheath tube.
Pamusoro pezvo, Mutemo weREACH (EC) Nhamba 1907/2006 weEU unoda kunyoreswa kwemakemikari anodarika tani imwe pagore, uye SVHC Candidate List ikozvino ine zvinyorwa zvinopfuura 240. Zvezvinhu zvekupisa zvinhu — Incoloy 800, SUS304, uye SUS321 — chinhu chikuru cheREACH ndechekuwanda kwe nickel (30-35% muIncoloy 800), inorongwa seyekudzivirira ganda. Kunyange hazvo chimiro chesimbi chisina njodzi yekusangana neganda panguva yekushandiswa kwakajairika, magwaro ako anofanirwa kuratidza kutevedzera kwekugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yebasa nemiganhu yekusangana neganda yeEU.Ndinochengetedza matrix yekutevedzera mitemo yezvinhu zvese pakugadzirisa kwedukatarogu yezvigadzirwa, kubatanidza chikamu chimwe nechimwe cheBOM nerunyorwa rweREACH SVHC rwazvino uye dhatabhesi reRoHS rekuregererwa.
Kuramba Kudzivirira uye Simba reDielectric: Mishumo Yekuyedza Yakaverengwa Nevaongorori veGerman
Kana paine peji rimwe chete mufaira rako rehunyanzvi iro muongorori weTÜV wekuGerman achaongorora negirazi rinokudza, inyaya yekudzivirira kupinza uye repoti yekuyedza simba re dielectric — ndinoziva nekuti ndanga ndiri mukamuri apo muongorori weTÜV SÜD akapedza maminetsi makumi mana nemashanu papeji rimwe chete remushumo webvunzo.Aya ma parameter maviri ndiwo zviratidzo zvikuru zvekuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi ekupisa, uye anofanira kutaurwa nemamiriro chaiwo ekuyedza, kwete kungopfuura chete. Ndakadzidza chidzidzo ichi nenzira inodhura: kurambwa kweongororo ya2021 kwakatitorera nguva yekunonoka kwekutumira kwemavhiki matanhatu nekuti mushumo wedu wekuyedza wakaratidza kukosha kwekudzivirira kuputira pasina kutaura voltage yekuyera.
Zvichibva padata rechokwadi rekuyedza kubvamutsetse wedu wekugadzira zvinhu zvinodziya zvine finned, hezvino zvinofanirwa kusanganisirwa nemushumo webvunzo unoenderana nemutemo wekuGerman:Kudzivirira kupisa panguva yehunyoro: ≥200MΩ yakayerwa pa500V DC (kwete 1MΩ shoma iyo IEC 60335-2-9 inobvumira — Vatengi vemabhizimisi vekuGermany vanotarisira mwero wepamusoro). Kudzivirira kupisa mushure mekuyedzwa kwekupisa kwemaawa makumi mana nemasere (93% RH, 40°C): ≥30MΩ. Kubuda kwemvura panguva yehunyoro: ≤0.1mA (yakaoma zvakapetwa kagumi kupfuura 0.75mA IEC baseline). Simba reDielectric: 2,000V/min inodzivirira voltage pasina kupwanyika kana kupenya.
Ndakadzidza kuti sei zvinhu izvi zvakakosha panguva yekuongorora kwakaitwa muna 2021 apo mainjiniya weTÜV SÜD akatsanangura kuti chiyero che200MΩ — kwete 1MΩ shoma — chinokonzerwa nenzvimbo dzekushanda mukicheni dzemabhizimisi uko utsi, mafuta, uye makemikari ekuchenesa zvinogadzira kushushikana kwakanyanya kwekudzivirira kupisa kupfuura mamiriro ekicheni epamba.Nekuti ovheni yekutonha yekutengeserana muBerlin hotel breakfast buffet inogona kutenderera ka200-300 pazuva munzvimbo ine hunyoro hwakawanda, sisitimu yekutonhodza inoderera ka3-4 nekukurumidza kupfuura inoshandiswa pamba - ndosaka vatengi vekuGerman vachida kuti insulation irambe yakasimba ka200 kupfuura IEC.
Rondedzero Yakazara Yekutarisa Magwaro eGerman Customs Clearance
Heino pepa remagwaro chaiwo randinounganidza rekutumira kwega kwega kuGermany.
Magwaro anodiwa (kana pasina aya, zvinhu zvako hazvizobvumidze tsika dzemuGermany):
1. Invoice Yekutengeserana— inofanira kusanganisira HS code 8516.80 (electrical heating resistors), nyika yakabva (CN), huremu hwakazara uye hwakakwana mumakirogiramu, uye kuziviswa kwemutengo payuniti imwe neimwe nemari (EUR). HS code 8516.80 yakakosha: kuisa zvinhu zvinodziya muzvikamu zvisirizvo pasi pe8516.90 (zvikamu) kunokonzera mutero wakasiyana uye kunogona kunonoka kubviswa nemazuva mashanu kusvika gumi ekushanda.
2. Rondedzero yeKurongedza— inofanira kuenderana chaizvo ne invoice yekutengeserana nemutsetse, kusanganisira saizi yekatoni, nhamba dzekatoni, uye huremu hwekatoni yega yega kusvika mukati me ±50g chaiyo.
3. Chikwereti chekutakura zvinhu kana kuti bhiri rekufambisa nendege— kana zvinhu zviri mugungwa zvichienda kuHamburg kana kuBremerhaven, ita shuwa kuti nzvimbo yekutumira zvinhu inoenderana nezita rekunyoreswa kwenhamba yeEORI.
4. Chiziviso cheEU chekutevedzera mitemo— yakasainwa, ine zuva, ine referensi EN IEC 60335-2-9:2023 uye Directive 2014/35/EU, ine kero yemumiriri ane mvumo yeEU akanyorwa nezita (kwete hofisi yepamhepo).
5. Chitupa Chekumaka cheCE kana Mushumo Webvunzo— kubva murabhoritari ine mvumo yeISO/IEC 17025, inosanganisira kutevedzera mitemo yeLVD, EMC, uye RoHS.
6. Mushumo weKurwisa Kudzivirira uye Simba reDielectric— pa-batch, kwete pa-design, nemamiriro ekuyera akanyorwa zvakajeka (voltage, tembiricha, hunyoro, nguva yekuedza).
Magwaro anonyanya kukosha mukutengeserana (zvingasarudzwa, asi zvinodiwa nevatengi vekuGermany):
7. Chitupa cheGS Mark— kubva kusangano rekuyedza rakabvumidzwa neDGUV, rine nhamba yechitupa uye zuva rekupera kwekuongorora kwekutarisa zvinoonekwa zvakajeka.
8. EN IEC 60335-2-9 Matrix Yekuyedza Kutevedzera Mutemo Wakazara— ichifukidza zvikamu gumi zvebvunzo zvinosungirwa nemhedzisiro yekupasa/kukundikana uye data rekuyera, kwete chirevo chepfupiso chete.
9. Pepa reData reKuchengetedzwa kweZvinhu (MSDS)— yesimbi yesimbi inorwisa, MgO insulation compound, uye sheath material (Incoloy 800 kana SUS304), inoenderana neEU Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex II format.
10.RoHS 3 Mushumo weKutevedzera Mutemo— pachinhu chimwe nechimwe chakafanana, chinosanganisira zvinhu gumi zvakarambidzwa, kubva murabhoritari yakatenderwa neISO 17025.
11.Chitupa cheISO 9001 chefekitori— kushanda kwekuongorora kuripo uye kuri mukati mekuongorora, uye chiyero chacho chinofukidza zvakajeka "dhizaini nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinodziya zvemagetsi."
12.Mushumo weMifananidzo yeThermal— inoratidza kupararira kwekupisa pamusoro pemvura pamutoro wepamusoro wakayerwa, netembiricha dziri panzvimbo dzekuyera dzakaparadzaniswa ne50mm, sezvinodiwa ne2023 edition yeEN IEC 60335-2-9 kuti pave nechokwadi chekutevedzera mitemo yemvura pamusoro pemvura.
Handikwanise kutaura zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi: zvinhu 47 zvakatumirwa, 47 zvakaburitswa zvakanaka, hapana muripo wekubvisa mari— uye pepa remagwaro riri pamusoro apa ndiro chikonzero.
Mashandisirwo Anoitwa Jingwei Heat Nekutevedzera Mutemo Wenyu weKupinza Zvinhu muGermany
Mushure memakore masere ekutumirazvinhu zvinodziya zvakagadzirwaKune maOEM ekuEurope, ndakagadzira nzira yekutsigira kutevedzera mitemo inobvisa mipata yemagwaro inokonzera kurambwa kweport.Kana ukatenga zvinhu zvinodziya zveovheni yetoaster zvinoenda kumusika weGermany, hezvino zvinoitika kwatiri gaba risati rabuda mufekitori yedu yeShengzhou:
Kutanga, tinogadzira package yekutevedzera mitemo yekutumira zvinhu isati yatumirwa inosanganisira magwaro gumi nemaviri akanyorwa pamusoro apa — kwete sematemplate asina chinhu, asi akazadzwa nedata rekuyedza rechinhu chako chekudziya. Kudzivirira kudziya, simba re dielectric, uye kukosha kwekubuda kwemvura mupackage iyoyo zvinobva muboka rekugadzira chairo, rakaedzwa pachiteshi chedu chekuongorora kuchengetedzeka kwemagetsi chakagadzirwa zvinoenderana neIEC 17025 traceability standards.
Chechipiri, kana mutengi wako wekuGermany achida chitupa cheGS mark, ndinoshanda zvakananga neTÜV kana VDE certification engineer kuti ndive nechokwadi chekuti mhando yemuenzaniso wekuyedza inotorwa kubva muzvigadzirwa zvekugadzira - kwete prototype tooling - uye kuti fekitori yedu yakagadzirira kuongororwa kwekutanga muongorori asati asvika.Nekuti ndave nekuita izvi nemasangano matatu akasiyana eDGUV-accredited certification, ndinoziva chaizvo kuti ndeapi mishumo yebvunzo yavanonyanya kukoshesa uye kuti ndeapi mafomati avanogamuchira vasina zvikumbiro zvekudzokorora.
Chechitatu, chinhu chega chega chinodziya chiri mukutakura kwako chakanyorwa nelaser ne code ye batch inogarogara iripo, voltage rating, power rating, uye CE mark — kwete ink-stamp kana label-attached — nekuti vaongorori vemitero vekuGerman vacharamba zvikamu uko zviratidzo zvemutemo zvinogona kubviswa pasina kusiya kukuvara kunooneka. Chinodiwa ichi chinobva zvakananga muChikamu 17 cheRegulation (EC) No 765/2008, chinoda kuti CE mark "inamirwe zvinoonekwa, zvinoverengwa, uye zvisingadzimiki."
Ini pachangu ndakambopinda munzvimbo yekuyedza yeTÜV SÜD muMunich, ndakagara pamisangano yeVDE certification muFrankfurt, ndikakakavadzana nevanopa rubatsiro rwemari kuHamburg na3 AM nguva yeBeijing pamusoro pekusawirirana kwemagwaro.Pakutumira zvinhu zvinodziya kuGermany, mhando yechigadzirwa uye kunyatsorongeka kwemapepa zvakafanana. Kana uchida rubatsiro — mudziyo wekutanga kana makumi mashanu —taura nevamweTinoziva chaizvo kuti matambudziko acho ari papi.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Zvinhu zvinodziya zveovheni yetoaster kubva kuChina zvinoda chitupa cheVDE here kuti zvipinde muGermany?
Kwete, chitupa cheVDE hachisi chinodiwa pamutemo chekupinza zvinhu zvinodziya muGermany. Chinodiwa pamutemo ndechekuisa CE pasi peLVD 2014/35/EU, zvichitsigirwa neChiziviso cheKutevedzera. Zvisinei, chiratidzo cheGS — chinogona kupihwa neVDE, TÜV, kana DEKRA — ndicho chinonyanya kukosha mukutengeserana nekuti mapolicy mazhinji einishuwarenzi yekicheni yekutengeserana muGermany uye zvibvumirano zvekutenga zvinoda kuti zviitwe. Pasina chiratidzo cheGS, zvinhu zvako zvinodziya zvichave zviri pamutemo kutengeswa asi hazvitengeswi mukutengeserana kumusika weHORECA.
Chii chinonyanya kukonzera kuti zvinhu zvinodziya zvitakuriswe pamitero yeGerman?
Muruzivo rwangu muzvinhu zvinotumirwa muEurope zvinosvika makumi mana nenomwe, chikonzero chinonyanya kurambwa iDeclaration of Conformity isina kukwana kana kuti isina kurongwa zvakanaka — kunyanya, mareferensi akajairwa asipo kana kuti akasakara, kero yemumiriri weEU isina mvumo, kana zvirevo zvisina kusaina. Chechipiri chinonyanya kutaurwa imarking yechigadzirwa chisingasvike pazvinodiwa "zvisingadzimiki" pasi peRegulation (EC) No 765/2008 — marking dzakaiswa inki dzinogona kubviswa ne solvent cleaner dzichakonzera custom hold nekuti CE marking inofanira kurarama nemakemikari ekuchenesa anotarisirwa anoshandiswa mumakicheni ekutengeserana.
Chitupa cheGS mark chinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti chinhu chinodziya chivepo?
Maitiro ese eGS certification — anosanganisira kuyedzwa kwemhando, kuongororwa kwefekitori, uye kuburitswa kwezvitupa — anowanzo tora mavhiki 8-12 kubva pakutumira mafomu ekunyorera. Nguva yacho inogona kudzvanywa kusvika kumavhiki matanhatu kana rabhoritari yekuedza ichiziva nezvekugadzirwa kwechinhu chinodziya uye fekitori iine chitupa cheISO 9001 chazvino chine chiyero chekuongorora chinofukidza kugadzirwa kwechinhu chinodziya. Kuongorora kwegore negore kunotora mazuva 2-3 panzvimbo yacho.
Ndeipi kodhi yeHS yandinofanira kushandisa pazvinhu zvekupisa zveovheni yetoaster?
HS code 8516.80 — “Magetsi ekupisa emagetsi” — ndiyo mhando chaiyo yezvinhu zvinopisa zveovheni yetoaster. Usashandise 8516.90 (zvikamu zvemidziyo yemagetsi), sezvo izvi zvichikonzera mwero wemutero wakasiyana pasi pehurongwa hweTARIC hweEU uye zvinogona kukonzera zvikumbiro zvekuisa muzvikamu zvitsva zvinononotsa kubviswa. Mwero wemutero pasi peHS 8516.80 wezvinhu zvinopinzwa muEU kubva kuChina unowanzova 2.7%, asi izvi zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nechikamu chekodhi yezvigadzirwa. Gara uchisimbisa mwero weTARIC uripo nebroker wako wecustoms wekuGerman usati watumirwa.
Ko EN IEC 60335-2-9 ya2023 inoda here kuongororwa kwakagadziridzwa kwemagadzirirwo aripo ezvinhu zvinodziya?
Ehe — chinyorwa chegore ra2023 chakaunza miganhu mitsva yekuwedzera tembiricha panzvimbo dzinosvikika, bvunzo dzekushanda dzisina kujairika dzakagadziriswa dzematoaster dzinosanganisira zvinodiwa zvechipiri zvekudzora, uye bvunzo itsva dzekuisa masherufu eovheni. Chero faira reChitupa Chekugadzira Chigadzirwa Chekudziisa (DCF) rinotaura nezvechinyorwa chekare rinofanira kugadziriswa nedata rekuyedza pasi pezvinodiwa zvegore ra2023. Nguva yekuchinja kwezvitupa zviripo pasi pechinyorwa chekare chekare inowanzo pera mwedzi makumi maviri nemana mushure mezuva rekubatanidza chinyorwa chegore ra2023, zvichireva kuti sekuru vanopera pakati pa2025.
Ndingashandisa SUS304 pachinzvimbo cheIncoloy 800 here sechinhu chekupisa cheovheni yekutengeserana?
Ehe, SUS304 yakakwana pakushandisa zvinhu zvinodziya zveovheni yetoaster zvinoshanda pakupisa kwesheath kusvika 650°C, nepo Incoloy 800 ichishandiswa pakupisa kwesheath kusvika 800°C. Kune akawanda maovheni etoaster ekutengeserana apo tembiricha yesheath yeheath inokwira inosvika 450-550°C, SUS304 yakakwana. Zvisinei, kana zvinodiwa nemutengi wako wekuGerman zvichipfuura maawa gumi nematanhatu ekushanda kwezuva nezuva, ndinokurudzira Incoloy 800 nekuti kuramba kweSUS304 kunopera mushure memaawa angangoita 12,000 pakupisa kuri pamusoro pe500°C - makore angangoita 2.3 ekushanda kwekicheni yekutengeserana - nepo Incoloy 800 ichiramba yakasimba pakudzivirira kweoxidation pamusoro kwemaawa anopfuura 20,000 pasi pemamiriro akafanana.
Nezve Munyori
Jake
Maneja weChigadzirwa, Shengzhou Jingwei Electric Heating Appliance Co., Ltd
Jake anga achitarisira michina yekupisa uye kutevedzera mitemo yepasi rose yeShengzhou Jingwei Electric Heating Appliance kubvira muna 2016, achitarisira kutumirwa kwemachubhu ekupisa anonyungudutsa chando, zvinhu zvekupisa muovheni, zvinhu zvinopisa zvakapfava, machubhu ekupisa emagetsi, mahita erubha esilicone, mapati ekupisa erubha esilicone, mahita ecrankcase, mahita edrain line, mahita ealuminium foil, uye mapurati ekupisa ealuminium kune vatengi vemabhizinesi nemaindasitiri muEurope, North America, neSoutheast Asia. Akaronga kuongororwa kweGS mark certification nemasangano matatu ekuyedza ane mvumo yeDGUV uye akatarisira kutumirwa kwemakontena makumi mana nemanomwe kumusika weGerman ne100% yekubudirira kwecustoms clearance. Anogara pafekitori yekugadzira yekambani muShengzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Batana naJake naJingwei Heat:
Facebook | YouTube | Webhusaiti Yepamutemo yeJingwei Heat
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-09-2026